高中英语限制性定语从句讲解

1.Completeeachsentencewithyourownwords.1.Imadethepresent________________________________.2.Paintingisanactivity_____________________________________.alotoftimeandeffortwhichtookmeinterestchildrenmorethanEnglishthatcanGrammar3.Theperson_________________________isonholiday.4.Theman____________________________isadoctor.5.Thewoman_____________________________isoverthere.towhomyouoftenpaidvisitshomelatewhooftencomesbackwhosedaughterisstudyingabroad6.Youwon’tfindthetheatre________________________unlessyouhaveamap.7.Anneisdoingsomeresearchonthetime_______________________________.wewillholdameetingwherewhenheisnotbusywithhousework8.Thereason___________________________wasthathewaswatchinganinterviewofthefirstChineseastronautonTV.whyhedidn’tanswerthephone2.Answerthefollowingquestionsusingattributiveclauses.1.I’dliketohaveafriend________________.2.I’dliketogotoaplace__________________________________.Icantrustwhomtherearemountainsforaholidaywhere3.I’dliketohaveabedroom_______________________.4.I’dliketoplaythemusicalinstrument_________________________.5.Thereason___________________________wasthatIhadtotakecareofmysickmother.thatfacesthesouthwhich/which/thathavesixstringswhyIdidn’tfinishmyhomework6.Sheismarriedtoaperson__________________________________.7.I’mgoingtobuyamobilephone___________________________.8.I’llneverforgettheday__________________________.whomshehasbeenwritingforyearstowhich/thathasmanyfunctionsstayedinthecountrywhenwe定语从句I一、定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。Themanwholivesnexttousisalawyer.Themanisalayer.Themanlivesnexttous.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：1.由who，whom，whose引导的定语从句这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语指人。Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.这位是帮过我的那个人。TheDoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheroom.你找的那位大夫在屋里。DoyouknowthemanwhosenameisLiuXiang?你认识那个叫刘翔的人吗？2.which引导的定语从句这类从句只能指物，which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。Thisisthebookwhichyouwant.这就是你要的那本书。Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool.河边的那栋楼是我们学校。Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.有机器的房间是车间。1)whom，whose，which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在它们之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上，在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。注意！Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.这位就是你在找的那个人。2)引导非限定性定语从句时，关系代词往往用which,不用that。Ihavelostmybook,whichIlikeverymuch.注意！3.由that引导的定语从句that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。TheletterthatIreceivedwasfrommyfather.我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句：1)先行词是不定代词:all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。AllthatwehavetodoistopracticeeveryDay.我们要做的就是每天练习。注意！2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.我所学的第一课永远也忘不了。Beartheminyourmind!3)先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.你给我的书我全读完了。4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto.他是唯一的我想跟说话的人。5)先行词既有人又有物时。Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事。4.由when，where，why引导的定语从句。Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.我知道他为什么来晚了。Thisistheplacewherewelivedfor5years.这就是我住过五年的地方。IwillneverforgettheDaywhenImetMr.Li.我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。先行词是表示地点时，有时用where，有时用that（which）引导定语从句。这时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词就用that(which)，否则用where。Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear.这就是我去年住的房子。Thisisthehousethat(which)hevisitedlastyear.这就是我去年去过的房子。5.由as引导的定语从句as可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。1.such…as…“像……一样的”，“像……之类”thesame…as…“和……同样的注意！在这两个句型中，as是关系代词，其中such，same做定语，修饰主句的名词、代词，这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词，as在从句中担任主、宾、表。Thisisthesamethingasweareinneedof.Suchpeopleasyousayareshortnow.2.…suchas…such为代词，意思为“这样的人/物”，as修饰先行词such。ThisbookisnotsuchasIhope.3.thesame…as…/thesame…that…“用一个”asthat都引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用as.Sheisthesameageasyouthatyouare.4.…,as…“有些”在这里，as引导非限定性定语从句，相当于which引导的非限定性定语从句，有时可互换。HeisfromBeijing,as/whichtheyknowfromthewayhespeaks.三、注意事项：关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分。a.Thisistheplacewhereheworks.Thisistheplacewhich(that)wevisitedlastyear.b.Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?c.Thisisthereasonwhyhewent.Thereasonthat(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.1.I’vereadallthebooks__yougaveme.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that2.Thereisn’tmuch___Icando.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.howCD练一练！3.Hekeepsarecordofeverything____hehadseenthere.A.heB.thatC.whichD.what4.Tellusaboutthepeopleandtheplaces____aredifferentfromours.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whomAB5.MrJohnsaidthatSuzhouwasthefirstcity____hehadvisitedinChina.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whatA6.TheTVplayIwatchedlastnightisthebestone_____Ihavewatchedthisyear.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.thatD7.LastSundaytheyreachedQingdao,____aconferencewastobeheld.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereD8.Isthisthemuseum____youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone9.IbegantoworkinBeijingintheyear____NewChinawasfounded.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.whereAA10.Thisistheveryfilm____I’velongwishedtosee.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom11.Thereisnodifficulty____can’tbeovercomeintheworld.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whatAB12.Whoistheperson_____isstandingatthegateofBeijingTourismTower?A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whomB13.Thiswasthesupermarket___Iboughtthiskindoftin.A.whereB.thatC.whoD.which14.Thehouse___thecapitalistusedtoliveinisn