富兰克林自传分析解析

*.TheAmericanwarofindependent.*.Enlightenment.PartFour:thissectionisverybrief(aboutpoliticaladvocation)PartThree:discussingtheRiseandProgressofFranklinPhilosophicalReputationTheAutobiographyPartOne:letterstohissonPartTwo:givingamoredetailedaccountofhispubliclibraryplanCharactersintheAutobiography•①BenjaminFranklin---TheauthorandprotagonistoftheAutobiography;TheAutobiographytellsofthemajoreventsofhislifeandmanyofhisimportantscientificandpoliticalideas,buttheworkdoesnotdiscusstheAmericanRevolution,inwhichFranklinwasamajorparticipant.•②WilliamFranklin---Benjamin'ssonBenbeginstheAutobiographyasalettertoWilliamwiththeintentoftellinghimabouthislife.•③JamesFranklin---FranklinolderbrotherwhoownsaprintinghouseinBoston.Heispassionate,andhadoftenbeatenFranklin.•TheAutobiographyopenswithasalutation（问候、致意）toBenFranklin’sson,Franklinsaysthatbecausehissonmaywishtoknowabouthislifewhichheenjoyedandwouldliketorepeat.HethanksGodforallowinghimtoliveagoodlife.PartOne:letterstohissonWorkedasanapprenticeBrotherfacedprisonIssuenewspaperuseFranklin’snameFranklinwantedtoleaveFranklinarrivedinNewYorkPlantogotoAmboyArrivedatPhiladelphiaWhydidFranklinwritehisAutobiography•Franklinsaysthatbecausehissonmaywishtoknowabouthislife,heistakinghisoneweekvacationintheEnglishcountrysidetorecordhispast.Healsosaysthathehasenjoyedhislifeandwouldliketorepeatit•ThatgoodfortunewhenIreflectedonitwhichisfrequentlythecasehasinducedmesometimestosaythatwereitlefttomychoice,Ishouldhavenoobjectiontogooverthesamelifefromitsbeginningtotheend,onlyaskingtheadvantageauthorshaveofcorrectinginasecondeditionsomefaultsofthefirst.SowouldIalsowishtochangesomeincidentsofitforothersmorefavourable.Notwithstanding,ifthisconditionweredenied,Ishouldstillaccepttheoffer.•当我回顾我一生中幸运的时候，我有时候不禁这样说：如果有人提议我重新做人的话，我倒乐意把我的一生再从头重演一遍，我仅仅要求像作家那样，在再版时有改正初版某些缺陷的机会。如若可能，除了改正错误以外，我也同样地要把某些不幸的遭遇变得更顺利些。但是即使无法避免这些不幸的厄运，我还是愿意接受原议，重演生平。•AndnowIspeakofthankingGod,IdesirewithallhumilitytoacknowledgethatIownthementionedhappinessofmypastlifetohisdivingprovidence,whichledmetothemeansIusedandgavethemsuccess.Mybeliefofthisinducesmetohope,thoughImustnotpresumethatthesamegoodnesswillstillbeexercisedtowardsmeincontinuingthathappinessorinenablingmetobearafatalreverse,whichImayexperienceasotherhavedone—thecomplexionofmyfuturefortunebeingknowntohimonly,andinwhosepoweritistoblesstousevenourafflictions.•自传既然我提到了上帝，我愿意十分谦恭地承认，上面提到的我过去一生中的幸福当归功于上帝仁慈的旨意，上帝使我找到了处世之道，并且使这些方法获得成功。这种信仰使我希望，虽然我不应该臆断，上帝在将来会像以前一样地祝福我，不论是使我继续享受幸福，或是使我忍受命中注定的逆运(像其他人一样，我也可能有这样的遭遇)，因为我未来命运的轮廓只有上帝知道，上帝甚至能够通过苦难来祝福我们.Puritan•Puritanfactionisnotastrictsense,butratheranattitude,atendency,whichisagroupofbelievers.BelievesthateveryindividualcancommunicatedirectlywithGod.TheyarguethateveryoneisequalbeforeGod.