中考英语动词时态、语态、(课件)

一、一般现在时一般现在时的谓语构成：1、be动词：am/is/are2、行为动词：A：动词原形B：动词+-s(主语为单三)一般现在时的用法：1.经常发生,反复进行的动作或状态。2.客观事实或普遍真理。3.If;assoonas;not…until等引导的状语从句。4.当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时的从句。常与下列时间状语连用：often,usually,always,sometimeseveryday/week/Sunday…实战演练1.Jimusually___(have)lunchathome,butsometimeshe_____(have)itatschool.2.I’lltellhimthenewsassoonashe_____(come)back.3.Ifit__________(notrain)tomorrow,we’llgotothezoo.4.Don’tgetoffthebusuntilit__(stop).5.Youmaygoouttoplaywhenyou________(finish)yourhomework.hashascomesdoesn’trainstopsfinish6.Theteachertoldusthattheearth_________(travel)roundthesun.7.---Doyouknowifwe________(go)tothecinematomorrow?---Ithinkwe’llgoifwe_________(nothave)toomuchhomework.8.ShewatchesTVtwiceaweek.___________doesshewatchTV?travelswillgodon’thaveHowoften9.Jimhaslunchathomeeveryday.(否定句)Jim____________lunchathomeeveryday.10.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.(一般疑问句)______he____hishomeworkeveryday?11.Hehasfewfriends,__________?(反意疑问句)doesn’thaveDoesdodoeshe二、现在进行时★现在进行时的谓语构成：am/is/are+动词ing★现在进行时的用法：表示说话时或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，常与时间状语now,thisweek,thesedays等连用。另外，我们还要注意句中的隐含条件（如：look,listen,It’snineo’clock等）。如：★Look!Thestudentsaredoingtheirhomework.★Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.★Don’tgoout!It’sraininghardoutside.有些动词如come,go,leave,begin,等的现在进行时可以表示预定的或即将发生的动作,句中常有表示将来的状语:I’mleavingonSundaymorning.Jimiscomingherethisevening.实战演练1.Look!Somechildren___________(play)footballontheplayground.2.Listen!Someone___________(play)thepianointheroom.3.ThestudentsofClassTwo________(work)onthefarmnow.4.Bequiet!Yourfather____________(sleep).5.Don’tgoout!It__________(rain)hardoutside.areplayingisplayingareworkingissleepingisraining三、一般过去时一般过去时的构成：★动词的过去式一般过去时的用法：★表示过去发生的动作或状态.用于一般过去时的时间状语有:yesterday,yesterday/morning/afternoon/evening,lastnight/week/month/Sunday/justnow,halfanhourago等。haveameeting,yesterdayWehadameetingyesterday.giveaconcert,lastmonthJaygaveaconcertlastmonth.joinWTO,in2001ChinajoinedWTOin2001.getmarried,in1999Theygotmarriedin1999.visitCanada,lastThursdayHevisitedCanadalastThursday.die,December9HediedinShanghaionDec.9.实战演练1.____you_____agoodtimelastSunday?2.Theheadmaster____________(notsay)anythingatthemeetingyesterday.3.Haveyoueverbeenthere?Yes,I_________(go)therelastspring.4.Lily____(fall)offherbikeand___(hurt)herselflastMondayafternoon.Didhavedidn’tsaywentfellhurt5.It’salongtimesincewe_____last.A.meetB.metC.willmetD.havemet6.---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?---Yes,I______therelastspring.A.goB.havegoneC.willgoD.wentBD5.Mr.Liinvitedhertotheparty.（改为一般疑问句）_____Mr.Li_____hertotheparty?6Theyaskedtheteacheraquestion.（改为否定句）They_______________theteacheraquestion.Didinvitedidn’task8.TomwatchedTVfortwohours.(对画线部分提问）______________Tom_______TV?9.Shehelpedmedosomecleaning.(对画线部分提问）__________She_____you____?HowlongdidwatchWhatdidhelpdo四、一般将来时1、一般将来时的构成：1）will+动词原形2）am(is,are)goingto+动词原形2、一般将来时的用法：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间状语连用。如:tomorrow,today,tonight,nextspring/week/month/year…Whatwillyoudonextweek?We’llonlystayfortwoweeks.实战演练1.There________(be)anEnglishfilmonTVtonight.2.____we___(go)totheparknextSunday?3.He_________(notgo)homeuntilhefinisheshishomework.4.What____you____(do)nextSunday?5.I________(be)freetomorrowmorning.willbeShallgowon’tgowilldoWillbe6.Thereisgoingto_____ameetingnextweek.A.beB.haveC.isD.has7.---Idon’tknowifit___tomorrow.---Ifit________,we’llstayathome.A.willrain;rainsB.rains;rainsC.willrain;willrainD.rains;willrainAA五、过去进行时1、过去进行时的构成：★was/were+现在分词2、过去进行时的用法：★过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有：1)atthistimelastnight,at9:00yesterday2)whenIsawhim;whileIwaswatchingTV3)fromseventonine4)yesterday,lastyear,yesterdaymorning★Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?★Hewasdrawinganelephantontheblackboardwhentheteachercamein.实战演练1.We_________________(watch)TVwhenhecametoseeus.2.I______________(draw)apictureatthistimeyesterdaymorning.3.What______you______(do)whentheteachercamein?4.Whilewe_____________(talk),theteachercamein.werewatchingwaswatchingweredoingweretalking六、现在完成时1.现在完成时的构成：助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。2．现在完成时的用法：（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。（2）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。如:for＋时间段和since＋时间点或时间壮语从句，以及sofar等。①ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years.②Theyhavelivedheresince1990.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come,go,die,join,buy等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的短语连用。(3).havebeen(to)和havegone(to)的区别：★have/hasbeen(to)表示“曾经去过”某地,说话时此人很可能不在那里,已经回来。侧重指经历。★have/hasgone(to)表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有：a.用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buyhaveborrowkeepcatch/getacoldhaveacoldgettoknowknowjointhePartybeaPartymember短暂性动词与延续性动词leavebeaway(from)diebedeadbeginbeoncomeherebeherefallasleepbeasleepjointheArmybeintheArmycometowork/livework/livebegintostudy/teachstudy/teachB.把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时Hecameherethreemonthsago.C.用“Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since(一般过去时)”结构。Itis/hasbeenthreemonthssincehecamehere.D.用“多长时间+haspassed+since(一般过去时)”结构：Threemonthshaspassedsincehecamehere.(4)暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能和howlong连用。如：误：Howlonghaveyouborrowthebook?正：