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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 2013届高三英语语法专题复习之主谓一致
2013届高三英语语法专题复习之主谓一致1什么叫主谓一致写出括号中动词的适当形式1.I__________(be)theninthletterofthealphabet.I是字母表中第9个字母。2.Boththetouchmenotandtheforgetmenot__________(be)plants.含羞草和勿忘我都是植物。isare13.Attitude__________(decide)everything.态度决定一切。4.Opinionsaboutwhethertogointodetailsabouttheissue__________(vary)frompersontoperson.关于是否深入问题的细节这个问题,观点因人而异。decidesvary1句子中谓语动词和主语在人称和数上的统一性叫主谓一致。能否将主谓一致理解为“主语是复数形式则谓语用复数,主语是单数形式则谓语用单数”?翻译下列句子,标出句中的主语和谓语动词1.书籍是人类的好朋友。2【答案】Books主are谓goodfriendstoman2.一个流浪汉躺在公园的长凳上,双手抖个不停。2【答案】A_homeless_man主was_lying_on谓thebenchinthepark,withbothhishandstrembling.3.许多抽烟者把医生的忠告当耳边风。【答案】Many_a_smoker主turns_a_deaf_ear_to谓thedoctor'sadvice.4.当时一千英镑是一大笔钱。2【答案】One_thousand_pounds主was谓quiteabigsumofmoneyatthattime.5.羊主要吃草。【答案】Sheep主feed谓ongrass.2主语是复数形式,谓语不一定用复数(如例句4);主语是单数形式谓语也不一定用单数(如例句5)。3观察每组句子中谓语动词单复数形式与主语的关系,尝试找出其中的规律1.(1)Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.物以类聚。(2)Everydoghashisday.人人皆有得意时。2.(1)Thewoundedneedmedicineandfood.伤员们需要药品和食物。(2)Thewoundedishiscousin.那个伤员是他的表弟。主谓一致有什么原则?33.(1)NotonlyBeijingbutalsoothercitiesinChinahavetakenonanewlook.不仅北京而且中国其他城市的面貌也焕然一新。(2)Nothumanresourcesbutthesystemcounts.不是人力资源而是制度起决定作用。4.(1)Englishaswellasotherlanguageshasitsownrules.同其他语言一样,英语也有其自身特点。3(2)Thereisonlyoneteacherandtwentysixstudentsinthisremoteschool.这所偏远的学校有一个老师和26个学生。3主谓一致原则有:1.语法一致原则。即主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式。主语为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式(如例句1)。2.意义一致原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由主语表达的实际意义决定。同样形式的主语含义不同时,谓语单复数形式有变化(如例句2)。33.就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由靠近谓语动词的名词确定(如例句3)。4.承前原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由远离谓语动词的名词确定(如例句4)4完成下列句子,注意谓语动词的形式1.Theproblem__________(need)furtherdiscussionandwe'lldiscussitnextWednesday.2.Alltheemployeesinthisjointventure______________(pay)bythejob.3.Oil__________(be)toindustrywhatbloodistothebody.谓语动词单复数形式怎样确定?needsare/werepaidis44.Thedoctorandteacher__________(speak)goodEnglishthankstohavinglivedabroadforyears.5.Growingvegetables__________(need)constantwatering.6.Tobeapilot__________(be)hisdream.7.Whenhewillbesetfreefromtheprison__________(remain)abigproblem.8.Neitherthehostessnorherchildren__________(like)hotfood,sopleasedon'taddpepper.speaksis/wasneedsremainslike49.Look!Themothercatwithallherbabies__________(run)afteramouse.10.Sinceall__________(be)readyandallofus__________(be)here,let'sbeginourmeeting.11.Eachbookandeachdictionaryhere_____________(publish)byBNUPlastyear.12.Manyavisitor__________(have)suchanexperiencesofar.arerunningareiswaspublishedhashad413.Morethanoneperson__________(charge)withthefttheotherday.14.Oneandahalfbuildings__________(burn)inthebigfirelastnight.15.Hisfamily__________(be)verylarge.16.Gone__________(be)thedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.waschargediswasburntare417.Growinginthefield__________(be)greencrops.Whatabeautifulscenery!18.There__________(be)noreplyfromthecompanyinchargeuptonow.arehasbeen31.谓语动词的单复数形式一般是根据主谓一致的原则来确定:①主谓一致遵守的“就近原则”句型中,谓语动词的单复数形式由靠近谓语动词的名词确定。此类句式有:NeitherAnorB…/EitherAorB…/WhetherAorB…/NotonlyAbutalsoB…/AorB…/NotAbutB…/TherebeAandB。谓语动词的单复数形式由靠近谓语动词的名词B确定。4②主谓一致遵守的“承前原则”句型中,谓语动词的单复数形式由远离谓语动词的名词确定。此类句式有:AwithB…/AalongwithB…/AtogetherwithB…/AaswellasB…/AincludingB…/Aexcept/(but)B…谓语动词的单复数形式由远离谓语动词的名词A确定。44③all,some,therestof…分数/百分数等作主语,谓语动词的单复数根据实际意义确定。all指物,表示“一切”时,谓语用单数,指人时谓语用复数。④集合名词作主语强调整体,谓语用单数。强调成员,谓语用复数。如:MyfamilywerewatchingTVwhentheelectricitywascutoff。42.确定谓语动词的单复数形式还有以下几种情况:①不可数名词作主语,谓语用单数形式。②and连接的两个名词表达同一概念,谓语用单数形式。这类名词如knifeandfork(刀叉);breadandbutter(黄油面包),horseandcart(马车)等。③动名词短语作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。4从句作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。④当everyAandeveryB/eachAandeachB/noAandnoB/manyaAandmanyaB作主语时,谓语用单数。⑤Manya+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。⑥Morethanone+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。4⑦Oneandahalf+复数名词作主语,谓语用单数。⑧表语前置,主语在后,谓语单复数与主语一致。⑨进行时中的现在分词提前,主语在后,谓语单复数与主语一致。
本文标题:2013届高三英语语法专题复习之主谓一致
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