高三复习-定语从句

RevisionoftheAttributiveClause定语从句复习在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。它在先行词和定语从句中起了连接作用，并在从句中担当成分，与先行词的数保持一致。Attributiveclause:定语从句的位置：通常在先行词后。定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)as(主语、宾语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)1.Theteachersarepresentatourclassareallexperiencedteachers.2.Ourclassisabigfamilyconsistsof3girlsand32boys.3.YaoHuiistheboyEnglishstudyisverygoodinourclass.4.Theschoolwearestudyingisveryfamous.5.weallknow,ourschoolis50yearsold.wherewhowhoseAswhich基础知识回顾：1.关系代词和关系副词2.That和which的选择3.Whose的用法4.as的使用5.介词+关系词考点考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。用什么关系副词看先行词。Iwillneverforgetthedays(______Istayedwithyou).when____JurassicParkisaboutapark______(averyrichmankeepsdifferentKindsofdinosaurs).___________where1958wastheyear______(Spielbergmadehisfirstrealfilm).__________Pleasegivemethereason_____(youmadesuchagreatsuccess).________whenwhyMorningisthebesttime______(youpractisereadingaloud)._________whenDoyourememberthelake_____(youfirstmetyourgirlfriend.）___________where2、如定语从句中缺主语，用关系代词。考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourmother?that/whoI，amyourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.who2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse______(thegreatwriterusedtolive)._______whereThehouse______(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.whichthat/______Luckilynoneofthepeople_____(Iknow)werekilledintheearthquake.whowhomthat/_____Myfatherwasbornintheyear______(theSecondWorldWarbrokeout)._________________________when3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。Kunmingisabeautifulplace______(flowersareseenalltheyearround).whereOctober1stistheday________(newChinawasfounded).whenThewindow(______wasopenedthismorning)hasbeenbroken.WhichthatThemeeting(______willbeheldnextweek)isveryimportant.Whichthat考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词考点二：that和which的选择关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。All______canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?Thereislittle_______canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesn’tsaymuch________amuseschildren.thatthatthatthat先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,few,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。Hamburgisthemostbeautifulcity_______I’veeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。考点二：that和which的选择I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.Nosample________wehavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation________youhaveaboutthesubject.Heistheonlyperson_________waspresentatthetime.thatthatthatthat先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that。考点二：that和which的选择Thefamouswriterandhisworks_________theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing________sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.考点二：that和which的选择Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who_______youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?thatthatWho做先行词时，引导定语从句用that。Welldone!考点二：that和which的选择不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_____madehisparentsveryangry.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100yuan.MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,________Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。考点二：that和which的选择（此时先行词为前面整个句子）Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。考点二：that和which的选择考点三：whose引导的定语从句。表示所属关系，作定语。后面有名词whose+n.Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whoseThereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhoseWhose+n.=the+n.+of+which/whom1.用于thesame…as…,such…as…，as…as…,so…as…中，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.考点四：as引导的定语从句Hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift.考点四：as引导的定语从句2.as可以表示“正如，好像”的意思，位置可前可后Asweallknow,hisparentswerekilledinthewar.Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.考点四：as引导的定语从句3.as和which的用法区别：1.as和which都可以指代前面整句话，但which只能放在句末。As有正如的意思，而which没有。2.as代表前面整句话并在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语必须是系动词，若是行为动词，则关系代词要用which。1.Hemadealongspeech,_______wasexpected.2.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,_______hiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.3.Wemovedthestoneawayfromtheroad,_______tookusanhour.4.______iswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.aswhichwhichAs介词的选用原则1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。如：①Thisisthecamera________Ispent6yuan.②Thisisthecamera_________Ipaid6yuan.spendmoneyonsth.为固定搭配paymoneyforsth.为固定搭配OnwhichForwhich考点五：关系代词前介词的选用2)根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如：①Iremembertheday_______Icametomytowerofivory.②Irememberthedays__________IvisitedParis.强调在具体某一天要用介词on强调在某几天时间内要用介词duringOnwhichduringwhich3)根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。Isthatthenewspaper_________youoftenwritearticles?forwhichWritearticlesfornewspaper•关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,why=for+which介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。•eg.1.