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CET6大学英语六级语法重点讲解2英语六级语法重点讲解特殊的虚拟语气词——should1)Itisdemanded/necessary/apity+that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should加动词原形,should可省略。句型:(1)suggested(2)Itisimportantthat…+(should)do(3)apity(1)suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted;+(should)do(2)important,necessary,natural,strange,apity,ashame,nowonder(3)Itissuggestedthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Itisnecessarythathe(should)cometoourmeetingtomorrow.2)在宾语从句中的应用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。order,suggest,propose,require,demand,request,insist,command,insist+(should)doIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意:如suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时,即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时,宾语从句用陈述语气。Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobeytherules.判断改错:(错)Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.(对)Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.(错)Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.(对)Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.3)在表语从句,同位语从句中的应用在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要3用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形。Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.一般现在时代替完成时1)有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时:hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember.Ihear(=haveheard)hewillgotoLondon.Iforget(=haveforgotten)howoldheis.2)句型Itis…since…代替Ithasbeen…since…3)Itis(=hasbeen)fiveyearssincewelastmet不定式的特殊句型soasto1)表示目的;它的否定式是soasnottodo。Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentsoasnottolosehisjob.汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。Goinquietlysoasnottowakethebaby.轻点进去,别惊醒了婴儿。2)sokindasto---劳驾Wouldyoubesokindastotellmethetime?劳驾,现在几点了。None、few、some、any、one、ones的用法一、none无1)none作主语,多与of构成短语noneof。在答语中,none可单独使用。Arethereanypicturesonthewall?None.2)none作主语,谓语动词单复数均可。但如做表语,则其单复数与表语一致。Itisnoneofyourbusiness.二、few一些,少数4few作主语时,谓语动词用复数,多用于肯定句。三、some一些1)可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。2)当做某一解时,也可与单数名词连用。(=acertain)Youwillbesorryforthissomeday.总有一天,你会后悔这件事的。Acertain(some)personhasseenyoubreaktherule.某些人不同意你的看法。注意:(1)在肯定疑问句中用some代替any。(2)some用于其他句式中:a.肯定疑问句中:说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时。Wouldyoulike句式中,表委婉请求或建议,如:Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?b.在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时,如:Ifyouneedsomehelp,letmeknow.c.some位于主语部分,Somestudentshaven‘tbeentherebefore.d.当否定的是整体中的部分时,some可用于否定句。如:Ihaven‘theardfromsomeofmyoldfriendstheseyears.这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信。四、any一些1)any多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。当句中含有任何的意思时,any可用于肯定句。Herearethreenovels.Youmayreadany.这有三本小说,你可任读一本。五、one,ones为复数形式5ones必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前,则用some,any,而不用ones。Haveyouboughtanyrulers?Yes,I‘veboughtsome.Only在句首要倒装的情况Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.不定代词every、no、all、both、neither、nor的用法1)不定代词有all,both,every,each,either,neither,more,little,few,much,many,another,other,some,any,one,no以及some,something,anything,everything,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nothing,nobody,noone,none,everybody,everyone.等。2)不定代词的功能与用法a.除every和no外不定代词既可用作名词,也可用作形容词。every和no在句中只能作定语。Ihavenoideaaboutit.b.all都,指三者以上。all的主谓一致:all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。Allgoeswell.一切进展得很好。all通常不与可数名词单数连用,如:不说allthebook,而说thewholebook。但all可与表时间的可数名词单数连用,如allday,allnight,alltheyear;但习惯上不说allhour,allcentury。all还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用,如allChina,allthecity,allmylife,alltheway3)both都,指两者。a.both与复数动词连用,但both…and…可与单数名词连用。b.both,all都可作同位语,其位置在行为动词前,be动词之后。如果助动词或情态动词6后面的实义动词省去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前。WhocanspeakJapanese?Weboth(all)can.4)neither两者都不a.neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数。b.作定语与单数名词连用,但neither…nor用作并列连词,可与复数名词连用。其谓语采用就近原则。c.可用于下列句型,避免重复。Shecan‘tsing,neither(can)he.neither与nord.如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用nor。Ifyoudon‘tdoit,neithershouldI.如果你不干,我也不干。e.如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither。Hecan‘tsing,nordance,norskate.比较may和might1)表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may放在句首,表示祝愿。MayGodblessyou!Hemightbeathome.注意:might表示推测时,不表示时态。只是可能性比may小。2)成语:may/mightaswell,后面接不带to的不定式,意为不妨。Ifthatisthecase,wemayaswelltry.典型例题Peter___comewithustonight,butheisn‘tverysureyet.A.mustB.mayC.canD.will答案B.表可能性只能用may.此句意可从后半句推出。7though,although的用法注意:当有though,although时,后面的从句不能有but,但是though和yet可连用Althoughit‘sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.虽然他很老,但仍然努力地工作。Thoughthesorebehealed,yetascarmayremain.伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了。(谚语)典型例题1)___sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.A.WhenB.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Unless答案:C。意为虽然她很年轻,却知道许多。2)as,though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.=Thoughhewasasmallchild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.注意:a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。b.句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.=Thoughhetrieshard,heneverseems…虽然他尽了努力,但他的工作总做的不尽人意。3)everif,eventhough.即使We‘llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.4)whether…or-不管……都8Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.5)nomatter+疑问词或疑问词+后缀everNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替换:nomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however注意:nomatter不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。(错)Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.(对)Whateveryousayisofnousenow.你现在说什么也没用了。(Whateveryousay是主语从句)(错)Prisonershavetoeatnomatterwhatthey‘regiven,(
本文标题:大学英语六级考试语法
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