人教版英语选修七第五单元语法

Let’sreviewRestrictiveAttributiveClause.(限制性定语从句)Finishthefollowingsentences.1.Hehastwosons_____workinthesameplace.2.Hehastwosons,_____workinthesameplace.whowho3.Theygaveuptheplan___________theyworkedoutyesterday.4.Theygaveuptheplan,______wasaverygoodone.that/whichwhich1.限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)2.非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定语从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开,不能用that引导。e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别类型项目非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句逗号有逗号无逗号that的应用不能用that引导可以用that引导which的指代特点除指代先行词外，还可指代句子或句子的一部分只指代先行词类型项目非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句关系代词的省略作宾语时不能省略作宾语时可以省略与先行词的关系起补充作用，去掉后对句意的完整性无影响起限定修饰作用，去掉后句意不完整Lookatthefollowingexamplesandtellthedifferencesbetweenthesentences.Example11.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.2.Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingquickly.当先行词是地名、人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只用_________________修饰。非限制性定语从句Example21.Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinahospital.我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。2.Ihaveasister,whoworksinahospital.我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。不止一位姐姐只有一位姐姐1.限制性定语从句与_______关系密切,是先行词不可缺少的部分,如果去掉它,主句意思往往不明确。2.非限制性定语从句是对_______的补充或说明,去掉它也不会影响主句的意思。先行词先行词Example31.Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。2.Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。1.限制性定语从句可以由_________、__________来引导，关系代词作宾语时可以省略。2.非限制性定语从句既可修饰______,又可修饰__________,不可用that引导且关系代词不可以省略。关系代词关系副词先行词整个主句非限制性定语从句中,指物时,用which而不用that。Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Allthebooksthere,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.注意：1指人时主格用who,宾格用whom,物主格用whose(也可指物)。MissHowe,whomyoumetinthelibrary,isournewteacher.TheArabs,whoarefamousfortheirhorsesandcamels,usetheseanimalsforworkandinsports.LiMing,whosemotherhasbeenillfortwodays,isabsentfromschooltoday.2关系副词when(指时间),where(指地点)也可以引导非限制性定语从句,注意关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句,应用forwhich引导。Helivesinthecity,wherethereisahightower.3ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,whenhewasborn.Ihavetoldthemthereason,forwhichIdidn’tattendthemeeting.介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句。WuDong,withwhomIwenttoseethefilm,enjoyeditverymuch.Herbag,inwhichsheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.ThestoryabouttheLongMarch,ofwhichthisisanexample,arewellwritten.4在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词有时代替修饰的不是前面的名词或代词,而是前面的整个一句话。e.g.Theoperationwasnotperformed,whichmaybethecauseofherdeath.手术没做,这可能是她死亡的原因。5关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活,可置于主句前,也可置于主句后。常见结构有：asiswellknown,asweknow,aswecansee,asweexpect。e.g.AsIexpected,hedidn’tbelieveme.正如我所预料的,他不相信我。YesterdayMr.Greenquarreledwithhiswife,asseldomhappened.昨天格林先生同妻子吵架了,他们是很少吵架的。6考点一：关系代词/关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句【考例回顾】1.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_____,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that2.Theschoolshop,_____customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where3.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,_____weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that【点拨】1.答案为B。关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，在此指代前面整个句子的内容。2.答案为B。customers与shop之间是所属关系，因此用whose。3.答案为B。关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语。考点二：“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句【考例回顾】1.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_____shespokefluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that2.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction________hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich【点拨】1.答案为C。“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词German,FrenchandRussian。2.答案为C。theconstructionofwhich相当于theconstructionofthemuseum，表示“博物馆的建造”。【考点解读】“介词+关系代词”在引导非限制性定语从句时,介词前常可加一些修饰成分,构成some/all/none/both/many/most/therest/thefirst/thenumberofwhich/whom结构。e.g.Themanagerinvitedalotofpeopletotheparty,mostofwhomwerehisclassmates.考点三：as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别【考例回顾】1.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,_____isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which2.TheBeatles,_____manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as【点拨】1.答案为D。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容。2.答案为D。as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如你们许多年龄足够大的人记得的”。1.Peterdancedandsangallevening.PeopleusedtothinkPeterwasquiet.Peter,whopeopleusedtothinkwasquiet,dancedandsangallevening.Jointhetwosentences.Youneedtoaddcommastomost.2.Sharongavemeapictureformybirthday.Shehadpainteditespeciallyforme.Formybirthday,Sharongavemeapicture(which)shehadpaintedespeciallyforme.3.Theoperationwasperformedinafamoushospital.Mygrandfather’shearingimproved.Theoperation,whichimprovedmygrandfather’shearing,wasperformedinafamoushospital.4.WhenIwentonatourroundChina,Isawmanyhistoricalsites.Itwasveryexciting.IsawmanyhistoricalsiteswhenIwentonatouraroundChina,whichwasveryexciting.5.Thetwotrafficaccidentshappenedonthesamemorning.Thentherewasaheavyfog.Thetwotrafficaccidentshappenedonthesamemorning,whentherewasaheavyfog.6.TangLingvolunteeredtohelpthewelfarehouse.Theresheteachesthehomelesschildren.TangLingvolunteeredtohelpthewelfarehouse,wheresheteachesthehomelesschildren.7.AsfarasI’mconcerned,AnneshouldnotbegoingtoAmericanextyear.Herdaughterisinmyclass.AsfarasI’mconcerned,Anne,whosedaughterisinmyclass,shouldnotbegoingtoAmericanextyear.8.Hewentonabustourwithagroupofpeople.Mostofthem